Common Sense in Project Management
Author: Paul Tedesco
Common Sense in Project Management offers project managers a new way to add value, eliminate useless tasks, and empower developers. It enables you to maintain your current project management tools and processes while guiding you through the application of new steps designed to mitigate risks and raise new issues that better support your company and create competitive advantages. Learn how to bring creative problem solving to your projects, divide responsibility among team members, and solve critical problems early in a project-before they become more costly to correct. Discover the types of information gathered throughout the project and learn how that information is used to reach goals.
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A Treatise on Political Economy
Author: Jean Baptiste Say
"Jean-Baptiste Say (1767-1832) has been described as a revolutionary, an author of scholarly books and popular tracts, a social philosopher, a successful entrepreneur - a remarkable Renaissance man. He is best known as author of the law of markets, known as Say's Law, and as the first to coin the term "entrepreneur." Say's concern with the average interested citizen and his zeal for economic education for the masses is most apparent in his classic work, A Treatise on Political Economy." "Readers will see that Say is without doubt a luminary of classical economics. He single-handedly revived the study of political economy from its decline and kept it alive during a difficult period of opposition to liberal ideas. Say had a missionary belief that society will be best served if the principles of political economy are widely disseminated and understood by the citizenry. His organization of the Treatise's subject matter - production, distribution, and consumption of wealth - continues to guide authors of economic textbooks to this day. His treatment of the role of the entrepreneur as a contributor to production different from that of either the manager or the capitalist was the most advanced of his times." In their new introduction, Quddus and Rashid note that present-day readers of this volume will benefit from the remarkable freshness of Say's ideas. The longevity of this volume proves that good ideas can successfully withstand the test of time. The role played by the Treatise in spreading liberal economic ideas and especially laissez-faire and free trade in France, the rest of Europe, and in the newly independent United States must also be appreciated. One suspects Say would have liked nothing better than to have his Treatise attract entrepreneurs, managers, and other non-specialist readers to economics. Given the emphasis on capitalism, free markets and unrestricted global trade republication of this great classic could not be more timely. Political economists,
Table of Contents:
Introduction to the Transaction Edition | vii | |
Preface to the Sixth Edition | 5 | |
Preface to the Fifth Edition | 8 | |
Introduction | 15 | |
Book I. | Of the Production of Wealth | |
Chap. I. | Of what is to be understood by the term production | 61 |
Chap. II. | Of the different kinds of industry, and the mode in which they concur in production | 63 |
Chap. III. | Of the nature of capital, and the mode in which it concurs in the business of production | 71 |
Chap. IV. | Of natural agents, that assist in the production of wealth, and specially of land | 74 |
Chap. V. | On the mode in which industry, capital, and natural agents unite in production | 77 |
Chap. VI. | Of operations alike common to all branches of industry | 79 |
Chap. VII. | Of the labour of mankind, of nature, and of machinery respectively | 85 |
Chap. VIII. | Of the advantages and disadvantages resulting from division of labour; and of the extent to which it may be carried | 90 |
Chap. IX. | Of the different methods of employing commercial industry, and the mode in which they concur in production | 99 |
Chap. X. | Of the transformations undergone by capital, in the progress of production | 105 |
Chap. XI. | Of the formation and multiplication of capital | 109 |
Chap. XII. | Of unproductive capital | 118 |
Chap. XIII. | Of immaterial products, or values consumed at the moment of production | 119 |
Chap. XIV. | Of the right of property | 127 |
Chap. XV. | Of the demand or market for products | 132 |
Chap. XVI. | Of the benefits resulting from the quick circulation of money and commodities | 140 |
Chap. XVII. | Of the effect of governments, intended to influence production | 143 |
Sect. 1. | Effect of regulations prescribing the nature of products | 143 |
Digression--Upon what is called the balance of trade | 148 | |
Sect. 2. | Of the effect of regulations, fixing the manner of production | 175 |
Sect. 3. | Of privileged trading companies | 183 |
Sect. 4. | Of regulations affecting the corn trade | 189 |
Chap. XVIII. | Of the effect upon national wealth, resulting from the productive efforts of public authority | 199 |
Chap. XIX. | Of colonies and their products | 203 |
Chap. XX. | Of temporary and permanent emigration, considered in reference to national wealth | 213 |
Chap. XXI. | Of the nature and uses of money | |
Sect. 1. | General remarks | 217 |
Sect. 2. | Of the material of money | 220 |
Sect. 3. | Of the accession of value a commodity receives, by being vested with the character of money | 224 |
Sect. 4. | Of the utility of coinage; and of the charge of its execution | 228 |
Sect. 5. | Of alterations of the standard-money | 234 |
Sect. 6. | Of the reason why money is neither a sign nor a measure | 240 |
Sect. 7. | Of a peculiarity, that should be attended to, in estimating the sums mentioned in history | 248 |
Sect. 8. | Of the absence of any fixed ratio of value between one metal and another | 254 |
Sect. 9. | Of money as it ought to be | 256 |
Sect. 10. | Of a copper and brass metal coinage | 261 |
Sect. 11. | Of the preferable form of coined money | 262 |
Sect. 12. | Of the party on whom the loss of coin by wear should properly fall | 263 |
Chap. XXII. | Of signs or representatives of money | |
Sect. 1. | Of bills of exchange and letters of credit | 265 |
Sect. 2. | Of banks of deposite | 268 |
Sect. 3. | Of banks of circulation or discount, and of bank notes, or convertible paper | 270 |
Sect. 4. | Of paper-money | 280 |
Book II. | Of the Distribution of Wealth | |
Chap. I. | Of the basis of value, and of supply and demand | 284 |
Chap. II. | Of the sources of revenue | 292 |
Chap. III. | Of real and relative variation of price | 297 |
Chap. IV. | Of nominal variation of price, and of the peculiar value of bullion and of coin | 306 |
Chap. V. | Of the manner in which revenue is distributed amongst society | 314 |
Chap. VI. | Of what branches of production yield the most liberal recompense to productive agency | 321 |
Chap. VII. | Of the revenue of industry | |
Sect. 1. | Of the profits of industry in general | 324 |
Sect. 2. | Of the profits of the man of science | 228 |
Sect. 3. | Of the profits of the master-agent or adventurer in industry | 229 |
Sect. 4. | Of the profits of the operative labourer | 332 |
Sect. 5. | Of the independence accruing to the moderns from the advancement of industry | 340 |
Chap. VIII. | Of the revenue of capital | |
Sect. 1. | Of loans at interest | 343 |
Sect. 2. | Of the profit of capital | 354 |
Sect. 3. | Of the employments of capital most beneficial to society | 357 |
Chap. IX. | Of the revenue of land: | |
Sect. 1. | Of the profit of landed property | 359 |
Sect. 2. | Of rent | 365 |
Chap. X. | Of the effect of revenue derived by one nation from another | 368 |
Chap. XI. | Of the mode in which the quantity of the product affects population | |
Sect. 1. | Of population, as connected with political economy | 371 |
Sect. 2. | Of the influence of the quality of a national product upon the local distribution of the population | 381 |
Book III. | Of the Consumption of Wealth | |
Chap. I. | Of the different kinds of consumption | 387 |
Chap. II. | Of the effect of consumption in general | 391 |
Chap. III. | Of the effect of productive consumption | 393 |
Chap. IV. | Of the effect of unproductive consumption in general | 396 |
Chap. V. | Of individual consumption, its motives and its effects | 401 |
Chap. VI. | On public consumption | |
Of the nature and general effect of public consumption | 412 | |
Of the principal objects of national expenditure | 421 | |
Of the charge of civil and judicious administration | 425 | |
Of charges, military and naval | 429 | |
Of the charges of public instruction | 432 | |
Of the charges of public benevolent institutions | 438 | |
Of the charges of public edifices and works | 441 | |
Chap. VII. | Of the actual contributors to public consumption | 444 |
Chap. VIII. | Of taxation | |
Sect. 1. | Of the effect of all kinds of taxation in general | 446 |
Sect. 2. | Of the different modes of assessment, and the classes they press upon respectively | 468 |
Sect. 3. | Of taxation in kind | 473 |
Sect. 4. | Of the territorial or land-tax of England | 476 |
Chap. IX. | Of national debt | |
Sect. 1. | Of the contracting debt by national authority, and of its general effect | 477 |
Sect. 2. | Of public credit, its basis, and the circumstances that endanger its solidity | 482 |
Appendix | 488 |
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